Jaffna Fort, Jaffna Overview

Located in Jaffna, its namesake Jaffna Fort is the second largest fort in the country, spanning an area of 55 acres. A former architectural marvel, most of the fort had been reduced to rubble during the Sri Lankan Civil War; fortunately, part restoration has taken place. Jaffna Fort stands today as a testament to the fact that war spares nothing and no one, not even a monument of paramount significance.

The Portuguese constructed Jaffna Fort in the 17th century. When the island was captured and ruled by the Dutch, the fort was rebuilt and was used as a military and administrative building. It was occupied by the British until 1948. Fortified by limestone ramparts with a series of tunnels, and a moat, the highlight of the monument’s architecture is the star-shaped design.

Numerous buildings were made within Jaffna Fort that later suffered destruction for decades during the civil war. These buildings included the Queen’s House, the Kruys church, a hospital and a prison. Amongst them, the Queen’s House has remained relatively unaffected by the conflict. A spooky yet exciting structure at the fort is the Hangman’s Tower.

History of Jaffna Fort

Jaffna Fort was built by the Portuguese in 1618 when Phillippe de Oliveira captured the Jaffna Kingdom. It was then known as the Fortress of Our Lady of Miracles of Jafanapatão. The Dutch seized the fort under Raiclop Van Goens in 1658. The original Portuguese structure was demolished, and the fort was reconstructed according to the Vauban star design. The construction was completed in 1680, along with the addition of the buildings inside the fort that can be observed today. The British occupied the fort from 1795 until 1948, when it was taken over by the government of Sri Lanka.

As the Sri Lankan Civil War began in the 1980s, Jaffna Fort came under siege and was destroyed severely; eventually, the fort was recaptured by the Sri Lankan army in 1995. The fort was also subjected to vandalism by the locals, as they removed limestones to rebuild their homes that had been ravaged during the war. The restoration work began several years later.

Attractions At Jaffna Fort

The Queen’s House

The Queen’s House is one of the few buildings that suffered little damage during the war. It was a former official residence of the Sri Lankan presidents until the civil war. Evidence recovered suggests that a verandah with two ponds, in the Dutch style of architecture, existed in front of the building. It is currently under renovation.

Hangman’s Tower

The Hangman’s Tower, as the name suggests, was used for the execution of prisoners. It is in the centre of the fort. The tower was moderately damaged during the war, but one can still view its arch-like structure.

The Ramparts and The Moat

The rampart and the moat, the fort’s great defences, are made of coral and limestone. The outer rampart has five tunnels built into it but without any doors. However, some indications are implying that doors might have been present in the past.

Things To Do At Jaffna Fort

1. View the Queen’s House and Hangman’s Tower, the most intact buildings inside the fort.
2. Walk along the rampart to catch stunning views of the city and the sea, particularly at sunset.
3. Visit the shop inside to purchase books and souvenirs related to the fort. If you have any questions related to the fort, you can pose them to the staff at the tourist information centre. You can also browse over several photos of the fort at the centre.

Jaffna Fort Timings and Entry Fee

The timings of Jaffna Fort are from 8 AM to 6 PM, and it is open on all days. There is no entry fee at the fort.

Best Time to Visit Jaffna Fort

The best time to visit Jaffna fort is during the late afternoon; the weather is quite cooler at this time, making it easier to explore. Stay at the ramparts to enjoy the gorgeous views of the sunset over the nearby lagoon and the Kayts causeway.

Tips For Visiting Jaffna Fort

1. Hire a local guide if you would like to know the complete history and features of the fort and its attractions while you are exploring the monument.
2. Carry sunscreen and a hat, as it can become reasonably sunny during the day.