Mandalay

Mandalay was established in 1857 by King Mindon at the foot of Mandalay Hill, as the new royal capital of the Konbaung dynasty, replacing the city of Amarapura. The town gets its current name from the Pali language, but at the time of founding it was known as Yadanabon, which translated to the City of Gems. Four rivers surrounded the site, and within the walled town were prominent buildings. The most powerful was the Royal Palace, a massive wooden structure studded with golden towers surrounded by moats.

The city functioned as the royal capital and centre of administration for more than 25 years until the annexation by the British Empire, during which the last King Thibaw Min and his Queen Supayalat were sent into exile. The British established their capital in Yangon, and Mandalay became the centre for commerce and culture. It was considered as the centre for Buddhist learning in Burma.

The British looted the wealth from the Royal Palace and renovated it to function as a fort. Mandalay suffered extensively during WWII when the Japanese tried conquering Burma, which resulted in substantial loss. Mandalay became a part of independent Myanmar in 1948. It continues to be a centre for trade and commerce, and the rise in the number of Chinese has increased its position with the republic.

Mandalay offers an excellent insight into Burmese culture, traditions and the local life across the river. It is a great place to spend a few days in Myanmar.