Thirumayam Fort, Chettinad Overview

Thirumayam Fort, situated 18 km from Pudukkottai in Tamil Nadu, is a historical gem that stands as a testament to the region's rich past. Constructed in 1687 A.D. by Sethupathy Vijaya Ragunatha Thevar of Ramanathapuram, the fort served the dual purpose of protecting the subjects and providing a residence for the royal family.

Although the original structure was twice the size of the present one, the fort's main entrance, rock-cut Siva temple, Vishu temple, Darbar Hall, inscriptions, and pillared corridor showcase its historical importance. Administered by the Archaeological Survey of India, Thirumayam Fort attracts numerous tourists eager to explore its cultural and architectural significance.

Architecture and History

Perched atop a hillock, Thirumayam Fort features 17th-century ramparts that once enclosed a 40-acre town. The fort includes temples, caves, a jail, and a pond, providing a comprehensive view of the ruling dynasty's lifestyle. Built by Raja of Ramanathapuram Ragunatha Thevar in 1687, the fort later came under the care of Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman. The presence of British-era cannons hints at its turbulent history, marked by the Polygar wars fought between local chieftains and the British East India Company in the late 18th century.

Historical Significance

During the Polygar wars (1799-1801), Thirumayam Fort emerged as a political stronghold. The battles between local Palayakkarars and the British delayed the Company's incursion into South India. However, the British eventually prevailed, leading to the fort's takeover and significant damage. The surviving English cannons, mounted over the entrance gates, serve as poignant reminders of this tumultuous period.

Religious and Architectural Marvels

The fort houses shrines dedicated to gods like Hanuman, Sakthi, Ganapathi, and Karuppar, reflecting the religious intersection with warfare. Two rock-cut temples at the southern base, dating back to the eighth century, honor Vaishnavite deity Sri Sathyamurthy and Shaivite deity Sri Sathyagireeswarar. Stone inscriptions, a boulder cave with a rock-cut linga, and the remains of an abandoned jail add to the site's archaeological richness.

Accessibility

Thirumayam Fort is easily accessible by road, and its strategic location on the route from Pudukkottai to Madurai makes it a compelling stop for history enthusiasts.