Old Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad Overview

The Historic City of Ahmedabad, established by Sultan Ahmad Shah in the 15th century on the eastern bank of the Sabarmati River, showcases a diverse architectural heritage from the sultanate era. Notably featuring structures like the Bhadra citadel, fort walls, gates, mosques, tombs, and Hindu and Jain temples from later periods, the walled city represents a rich historical tapestry.

Serving as the capital of Gujarat for six centuries, Ahmedabad, despite its present crowded and somewhat dilapidated state, continues to hold significance as the political and commercial heart of the state, earning recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage City in July 2017.

1. Swaminarayan Temple

The Swaminarayan Temple, built in 1822 in Kalupur, stands as a vibrant symbol of the Swaminarayan Hindu sect. Its multi-coloured, wood-carved architecture is a feast for the eyes, and the temple serve (Read More)s as a spiritual haven for devotees. The intricate detailing, Burma teak wood panels, and Rajasthani-inspired sculptures make it a captivating testament to religious and architectural heritage.

2. Hutheesing Jain Temple

Constructed in 1848 by the wealthy merchant Sheth Hutheesing, the Hutheesing Jain Temple is a masterpiece of white marble dedicated to the 15th Jain Tirthankara, Shri Dharmanatha. The temple's eleganc (Read More)e and intricate design reflect the skill of traditional artisans from the Sonpura and Salat communities, showcasing their contributions to Ahmedabad's architectural legacy. The temple's sprawling courtyard, ornate pillars, and stunning spires make it a timeless representation of Jain religious art.

3. Jama Masjid

Dating back to 1423, the Jama Masjid, built by Ahmed Shah, is a stunning mosque on Mahatma Gandhi Road that melds elements of Hindu and Jain architecture. Its prayer hall with 260 columns supporting 1 (Read More)5 domes, and the lotus-like carvings, create a serene atmosphere. Despite losing half its minaret height in the 1819 earthquake, the mosque's enormous courtyard and architectural fusion make it one of India's most beautiful mosques.

4. Calico Museum of Textiles

Founded in 1949 by industrialist Gautam Sarabhai and his sister Gira Sarabhai, the Calico Museum of Textiles is a treasure trove of handmade Indian textiles spanning up to 500 years. The museum's coll (Read More)ection includes astoundingly beautiful and intricate pieces, showcasing the virtuosity and extravagance of Indian textile craftsmanship. Divided into morning and afternoon sessions, the museum provides a fascinating journey through India's textile heritage.

5. Sidi Sayed Mosque

Known for its exquisite jali windows depicting the 'tree of life,' the Sidi Sayed Mosque, built in 1572–73 by Abyssinian saint Sidi Sayed, is a masterpiece of Islamic architecture. The mosque's (Read More)central arch, devoid of intricate latticework, directs attention to the captivating back wall. Still serving as a place of prayer, the mosque's intricate design and historical significance make it a must-visit landmark in Old Ahmedabad.

6. Bhadra Fort

Constructed in 1411 by Ahmed Shah, Bhadra Fort provides a panoramic view of Old Ahmedabad from its elevated position. Originally the eastern entrance of the Ahmedabad citadel, the fort now houses gove (Read More)rnment offices and a Kali temple. With its historical significance and architectural grandeur, Bhadra Fort stands as a tangible link to the city's founding and subsequent evolution over the centuries.

Read More on Old Ahmedabad

History of Old Ahmedabad

Old Ahmedabad, established in 1411 by Ahmad Shah I, served as the capital of the State of Gujarat for six centuries. Initially known as Ashaval or Ashapalli, it underwent transformations, including being named Karnavati in the 11th century. Ahmad Shah I laid the foundation of Bhadra Fort in 1411, and the city continued to thrive under the Gujarat Sultanate until 1573. The Mughals and Marathas later played roles in shaping the city's destiny, and in 1817, Ahmedabad came under British rule, bringing political stability and economic growth.

Forts and Gates

Bhadra Fort, square in form and encompassing approximately 43 acres, is a notable structure within Old Ahmedabad. Initially constructed by Ahmad Shah I, it had eight gates and served various functions during different periods, including as the seat of the Governor of Gujarat during Mughal rule. The fort underwent a second fortification in 1486, expanding the city wall to about 10 km in circumference with 12 gates.

The city, adorned with gates, has varying counts attributed by historians, with some suggesting 12, 16, or even 21 gates. Bhadra Fort had eight gates, while the second fortification included eighteen gates, each contributing to the city's unique architectural and historical character.

Neighbourhoods (Pols)

Pols, traditional housing clusters in the form of gated streets, define the urban fabric of Old Ahmedabad. These neighbourhoods, with intricate features such as bird feeders, public wells, and religious institutions, reflect a sense of community. Originally established during times of religious tension between Hindus and Muslims, the pols gained importance as protective spaces when the city walls lost their defensive capabilities.

Architecture

Old Ahmedabad boasts a rich wooden architecture, featuring havelis, khadkis, and pols. The wooden structures serve as a testament to the city's unique heritage, contributing to arts, crafts, and cultural traditions. The city's architecture promotes a sense of community, family, and multiculturalism, accommodating institutions from various religions, including Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.